Which of the Following Is NOT Among the Variables Identified

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT among the variables identified by Shapiro and Penrod (1986) as influencing the accuracy of face recognition?

A) whether the target was seen as distinctive or unusual
B) whether the target's face had been changed in some way between the time of observation and identification
C) whether identification was tested in the same context in which the target had been observed
D) whether the target was of the same race as the subject
E) all the above factors are suggested by Shapiro and Penrod