D Has Bought Drugs from a Regular Dealer for Many

Multiple Choice

D has bought drugs from a regular dealer for many years. The dealer threatens D that unless D assists him to beat up X, he will seriously injure D. Which of the following represents the objective test of duress:

A) Voluntary association with criminals will only defeat the defence if D was aware he might be forced to commit a crime of the type actually committed.
B) Voluntary association will defeat the defence if D ought to have known he would be coerced into committing any type of activity.
C) Voluntary association will defeat the defence if D actually knew of the risk of committing any offence.
D) Voluntary association will defeat the defence provided the foreseeable risk is one of duress rather than unlawful violence.