Which of the Following Is an Example of the Reverse

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of the reverse inference problem?

A) Meredith notices that whenever her supervisor is embarrassed, he coughs. One day, the supervisor coughs while introducing Meredith to a colleague; Meredith concludes that he must be feeling embarrassed.
B) Evan has noticed that he develops a headache every time he eats shellfish. He stops eating shellfish in an attempt to prevent future headaches.
C) Amir notices that he gets better exam grades after studying outdoors than after studying indoors, so he plans to study outdoors more often.
D) All of the above are examples of reverse inference.