Jesse Thinks That Signaling the Start and End of Everything

Essay

Jesse thinks that signaling the start and end of everything in an experiment will facilitate learning. He arranges two groups of animals in a learning experiment. In Group A a light is followed by a shock. In Group B the light is followed by a shock, which is then followed by a tone to signal that the shock is over. He expects Group B to learn better than Group A because the events are better signaled. What would Wagner's short-term memory model predict here? Why?