Scott and Brendan Are Both Part of a Gang

Multiple Choice

Scott and Brendan are both part of a gang. They have just received a text from another gang member informing them that Scott's cousin, Martin, has been very badly beaten by several of the fellow gang members. They learn that Martin had given the police information that led to the arrest of several other members of the gang. Scott tells Brendan that even though Martin was his cousin, and he was a good guy, in his view, Martin got what he had coming since loyalty to the gang is the most important loyalty. According to the work of Sykes and Matza, how can Scott's attitude best be described?

A) as social bonding
B) as social adaptation
C) as subcultural adaptation
D) as a justification technique