If the Title of an Appellate Court Case Appears as Jones

Multiple Choice

If the title of an appellate court case appears as Jones v.Smith:

A) Jones is the plaintiff and Smith is the defendant.
B) Smith won the trial court decision.
C) you cannot determine which party is the plaintiff, because when a defendant loses a trial and files an appeal, some courts (but not all) reverse the names of the parties.
D) the trial judge was Jones and the appellate judge is Smith.