If the Average Mass Density ρ₀ Had Been Less Than

Multiple Choice

If the average mass density ρ₀ had been less than the critical density ρ_c in the early universe, what might have been the likely result?

A) The universe would have expanded very rapidly, and matter would not have clumped together to form galaxies.
B) The universe's mass would have clumped together in a relatively short time and collapsed to a singularity like that from which it emerged.
C) Cosmic inflation would not have occurred.
D) The cosmic microwave background radiation would not have been created.