Question 1

Dunn, Brown, and Beardsall (1991) showed that the amount of ___ state talk in early family conversations was related to children's later emotional understanding and understanding of false belief.

Accepted Answer

feeling

Question 2

Tai et al. (2004) has demonstrated that the mirror neuron system responds specifically to ___ actions.

Accepted Answer

biological

Question 3

The context of ___ in the classic false-belief task could have misled children into thinking they were being asked where Maxi would need to look for his chocolate rather than where he thought his chocolate was.

Accepted Answer

questioning

Question 4

Flavell, Flavell, and Green's experiment (1983) showed that whereas 4- and 5-year-olds rarely confused ___ and reality, 3-year-olds often did so.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Flavell, Flavell, and Green's experiment (1983) showed...

Question 5

Rizzolatti and colleagues have identified a "___ neuron" system that represents action in both monkeys and man.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rizzolatti and colleagues have identified a "___...

Question 6

Meins has proposed that caregivers' ___ --whether they treat young children as individual with minds-is important in children's metarepresentational development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Meins has proposed that caregivers' ___ --whether...

Question 7

Russell, Mauthner, Sharpe, and Tidswell's (1991) "windows task" showed that children find it difficult to inhibit pointing to a ___ object.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Russell, Mauthner, Sharpe, and Tidswell's (1991) "windows...

Question 8

According to Wellman and colleagues, early psychological understanding (2 years) is and based on ___

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Wellman and colleagues, early psychological...

Question 9

Hughes, Dunn, and White (1998) found that hard-to-manage preschoolers found it easier to pass the false-belief task when it involved a ___ surprise.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hughes, Dunn, and White (1998) found that...

Question 10

According to Dennett, successful reasoning about ___ beliefs is the only convincing evidence of a theory of mind.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Dennett, successful reasoning about ___...

Question 11

Meins and Fernyhough (1999) found that mothers of ___ attached infants were more likely to be mind-minded.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Meins and Fernyhough (1999) found that mothers...

Question 12

A belief ___ is an utterance that reflects the speaker's beliefs about the world.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A belief ___ is an utterance that...

Question 13

The "false___ "task examines children's ability to reason about two competing pictorial representations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The "false___ "task examines children's ability to...

Question 14

Woolfe, Want, and Siegal (2002) found that ___ deaf signers performed at a similar level as their 4-year-old hearing peers in false belief tasks, but that late deaf signers did not.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Woolfe, Want, and Siegal (2002) found that...

Question 15

According to Leslie, pretend play requires ___ abilities. For example, the child has to be able to decouple the primary sensory representation of an object (e.g. banana) from its pretend representation (e.g. telephone).

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Leslie, pretend play requires ___...

Question 16

Young children can confuse the pretend and the real, particularly in situations of ___ pretence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Young children can confuse the pretend and...

Question 17

A core notion in attachment theory is the "internal ___ model" of the self, which is thought to be developed from parenting experiences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A core notion in attachment theory is...

Question 18

Between 20 to 28 months, children's use labels for their own states, or "___ state language" increases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between 20 to 28 months, children's use...

Question 19

Meltzoff has argued that ___ is crucial for helping infants develop an understanding of mental states and representations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Meltzoff has argued that ___ is crucial...

Question 20

In Sutton, Smith, and Sweetenham's (1999) study, ___ showed theory of mind skills that were superior to those of their followers and victims.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Sutton, Smith, and Sweetenham's (1999) study,...

Exam 7: Causal Reasoning and the Human Brain