Andrew, a 3-Month-Old Baby, Is Participating in an Experiment Using

Multiple Choice

Andrew, a 3-month-old baby, is participating in an experiment using the visual cliff. When the researcher places him facedown on the deep side of the visual cliff, he quiets and shows a decrease in heart rate. When he was placed on the shallow side of the cliff, his heart rate didn't decrease. Why did Andrew react this way?

A) Andrew doesn't perceive a drop; he just was reacting to the change in position.
B) Andrew's reduced heart rate demonstrates that he is feeling fear at being placed on the deep side of the visual cliff.
C) Andrew is experiencing an innate reaction to a perceived drop when placed on the deep side.
D) Andrew noticed the difference between the shallow and deep drops, but he didn't yet associate fear with deep drops.