A Study Examined the Effect of Life Experience on Predator

Multiple Choice

A study examined the effect of life experience on predator recognition in New Zealand robins. Researchers selected a random sample of continental robins and an independent random sample of island robins. Rats are a natural predator for the continental robins but not for these island robins (due to the recent eradication of rats on the island) . The robins were offered five worms either next to a wooden box or next to a fake rat. The time (in minutes) it took each robin to eat all five worms was recorded. The mean eating times are shown for all combinations of location (continental or island) and stimulus (wooden box or fake rat) .
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline & \text { Wooden box } & \text { Fake rat } \\\hline \text { Continental } & 0.75 & 0.45 \\\hline \text { Island } & 0.70 & 1.60 \\\hline\end{array}$$ The P-values for a two-way ANOVA test with an interaction term are as follows:
Location: 0.92
Stimulus: 0.011
Location * Stimulus: 0.022
The researchers determined there was a significant interaction effect. Now, they will consider the main effects. Using a significance level of 0.05, what do the results suggest about the main effects of location and stimulus?

A) Mean eating time is similar for birds from both locations when the robins feed next to a wooden box but not when they feed next to a fake rat; when next to a fake rat, continental robins (raised in the presence of rats) eat faster, whereas island robins eat more slowly (significant interaction effect) .
B) Stimulus type affects mean eating time (significant main effect of stimulus) but location does not (main effect of location is not significant) ; robins eat significantly faster next to a wooden box than next to a fake rat.
C) Location origin affects mean eating time (significant main effect of location) but stimulus type does not (main effect of stimulus is not significant) ) ; continental robins eat significantly faster than island robins.
D) The study failed to find any statistical significant results.