Question 1

False confessions are not common in criminal justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Which of the following are a source or sources of eyewitness misidentification?

Accepted Answer

A)  These persons may be given money by the prosecution. 
B)  Most eyewitnesses to crimes act maliciously. 
C)  Poor vision and bad eyes 
D)  Crime trauma, intoxication, and influence by media publicity or prosecutors D

Question 3

DNA tests are usually completed within five to six working days.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Eyewitness misidentification played a role in what percentage of the cases of false convictions that were overturned using DNA evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  70 percent 
B)  20 percent 
C)  17 percent 
D)  12 percent

Question 5

Why would the advocates of the Crime Control model be concerned with wrongful convictions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because it supports the suppression and the prevention of crime 
B)  Because of the economic burdens such ineffective practices place on the system 
C)  Because the guilty party may still be free and present a danger to the community 
D)  Because it promotes increases in arrests, convictions, and incarcerations

Question 6

Prosecutors have much power and discretion, but because of checks and balances, they cannot easily engage in misconduct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Officials in the justice system believe that about 1 in 100 cases results in a wrongful conviction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Eyewitness misidentification is the primary cause of wrongful convictions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Wrongful convictions are not a challenge distinctive to the United States. Other countries, however, have been quick to adopt safeguards to reduce the harm of these errors. Justice systems in the United States have resisted similar safeguards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is prisonization?

Accepted Answer

A)  A society built on incarceration 
B)  Public institutions increasing resemble the prison 
C)  Being stigmatized by the prison experience 
D)  Resisting the mores and customs of inmate subcultures

Question 11

An indigent defendant is a

Accepted Answer

A)  native defendant to the county. 
B)  local defendant that cannot afford a lawyer. 
C)  defendant who contest the charge against him. 
D)  poor defendant that cannot afford a lawyer.

Question 12

The average time served by the 350 individuals exonerated was four years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Many crime labs are closely tied to police departments or district attorneys' offices and therefore lack independence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

There were about 200,000 untested sexual assault kits (SAK; also called rape kits) in the evidence storage units of U.S. police departments and sheriff's offices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which groups are particularly at risk of making false confessions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blue color criminals 
B)  Novice criminals 
C)  Liars and dishonest individuals 
D)  Persons with mental illness and juveniles

Question 16

What are some of the strategies officers use to convince suspects to confess?

Accepted Answer

A)  Threat of force 
B)  Continuous questioning and sleep deprivation 
C)  Carrot and stick 
D)  Good cop/bad cop

Question 17

What is the best way to reduce mistakes in suspect identifications?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cover the suspect's eyes. 
B)  Prevent the administrator of the line-up from giving any cues to the witness. 
C)  Require an additional lie detector test. 
D)  Make it a felony crime to falsely identify suspects.

Question 18

Innocence projects were established to

Accepted Answer

A)  abolish the death penalty. 
B)  investigate wrongful convictions and to educate the public about them. 
C)  further the liberal cause. 
D)  empty overcrowded prisons.

Question 19

The greatest hazard of using the testimony of a snitch occurs in what type of cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capital cases 
B)  Espionage cases 
C)  Blackmail cases 
D)  Money laundering, bribery, and counterfeiting cases

Question 20

Wrongful convictions are errors, but they do not harm the integrity of the entire criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Wrongful Convictions

False confessions are not common in criminal justice.

Which of the following are a source or sources of eyewitness misidentification?

DNA tests are usually completed within five to six working days.

Eyewitness misidentification played a role in what percentage of the cases of false convictions that were overturned using DNA evidence?

Why would the advocates of the Crime Control model be concerned with wrongful convictions?

Prosecutors have much power and discretion, but because of checks and balances, they cannot easily engage in misconduct.

Officials in the justice system believe that about 1 in 100 cases results in a wrongful conviction.

Eyewitness misidentification is the primary cause of wrongful convictions.

Wrongful convictions are not a challenge distinctive to the United States. Other countries, however, have been quick to adopt safeguards to reduce the harm of these errors. Justice systems in the United States have resisted similar safeguards.

What is prisonization?

An indigent defendant is a

The average time served by the 350 individuals exonerated was four years.

Many crime labs are closely tied to police departments or district attorneys' offices and therefore lack independence.

There were about 200,000 untested sexual assault kits (SAK; also called rape kits) in the evidence storage units of U.S. police departments and sheriff's offices.

Which groups are particularly at risk of making false confessions?

What are some of the strategies officers use to convince suspects to confess?

What is the best way to reduce mistakes in suspect identifications?

Innocence projects were established to

The greatest hazard of using the testimony of a snitch occurs in what type of cases?

Wrongful convictions are errors, but they do not harm the integrity of the entire criminal justice system.