From "Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal

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The Answer is The authors experimentally manipulate their design in several ways to increase the probability that they are assessing whether discrimination exists. First, they use a randomized controlled field experiment, which allows them to compare the callback rates of resumes with stereotypical white-sounding names (Emily and Greg) to those with stereotypical black-sounding names (Lakisha and Jamal). This randomization helps to ensure that any differences in callback rates can be attributed to the names on the resumes rather than other factors.

Second, the authors also manipulate the return mailing addresses on the resumes to further test whether perceived race plays a role in callback rates. By using different addresses in predominantly white or black neighborhoods, they can assess whether the racial composition of the neighborhood affects callback rates, providing additional evidence of discrimination.

Additionally, the authors carefully control for other factors that could potentially influence callback rates, such as the quality of the resumes and the qualifications of the applicants. This helps to isolate the impact of perceived race on callback rates and provides more confidence in their findings.

Overall, the authors' experimental design allows them to systematically test whether discrimination exists in the labor market by manipulating key variables and controlling for potential confounding factors.

From "Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal

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From "Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal

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