When Is It Most Likely That Articulatory Knowledge of How

Multiple Choice

When is it most likely that articulatory knowledge of how speech sounds are made strongly helps speech perception?

A) When Spanish students learning Basque as a foreign language start by trying to imitate sound contrasts that do not occur in Spanish
B) When people are tasked with manipulating abstract categories of sound, requiring conscious effort
C) When the speech sounds are quite familiar, so the participants know more about their production
D) When the environment is quiet, so listeners can hear the more subtle sounds of jaw cartilage and mouth muscle movements