A Criminologist Conducts a Study on the Effectiveness of a New

Multiple Choice

A criminologist conducts a study on the effectiveness of a new violent offender rehabilitation program at the request of the program developer, a for-profit company. She determines that the program is largely ineffective. A few weeks later, she reads in the paper that the state prison authorities have adopted this program because it "has been evaluated by a competent criminologist and has been found to be effective." The potential ethical violation here is:

A) do no harm.
B) ensure privacy.
C) sponsorship bias or suppression.
D) ensure the safety of researchers.