Question 1

What does doing household chores, making decisions about who works outside the home, and raising children indicate about men's gender roles in Mexico?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mexican men construct masculinity in the same way as men in all other cultures.
B)   Conceptions of machismo and masculinity in Mexico are not rigid.
C)   The construction and performance of machismo in Mexico follows a clear and rigid set of rules.
D)   Mexican men accurately reflect the performance of machismo in all cultures. B

Question 2

Why are cross-cultural studies important for our understanding of sex and gender?

Accepted Answer

A)   They allow us insight into an individual's chromosomal makeup.
B)   They reinforce the idea that biology alone cannot predict the roles men and women play in a given culture.
C)   We can then predict an individual's behavior, strength, and intelligence, as well as the roles of men and women in a given culture.
D)   They help reinforce the idea that gender and sex are the same in all cultures. B

Question 3

Since violence against hijras is common, we might conclude that gender-based violence is also more likely to be committed against which particularly vulnerable group?

Accepted Answer

A)   lesbians
B)   bisexuals
C)   transgender persons
D)   gay men C

Question 4

Human males may weigh only slightly more than human females, which underscores which idea about human sexual dimorphism?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a significant determinant of biological sex.
B)   It is a minor determinant of biological sex.
C)   It is significant in assessing differences between human males and females.
D)   It is a minor consideration in assessing differences between human males and females.

Question 5

In searching for an explanation for what appeared to be women's universally low status, what did anthropologist Sherri Ortner argue about women's biological functions?

Accepted Answer

A)   that women are biologically inferior to men
B)   that biological functions are the result of cultural practices
C)   that men do not understand women's biological functions
D)   that women and nature are strongly conflated

Question 6

What does Pei-chia Lan call Filipino and Indonesian domestic workers laboring for newly rich families in Taiwan?

Accepted Answer

A)   maids of love
B)   neoliberal nuns
C)   global Cinderellas
D)   care cleaners

Question 7

Home is often considered the domain of women, while men go to work. Although this idea has changed dramatically in many places in the past several decades, it remains a common theme. How does anthropologist Michele Rosaldo see male and female gender roles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gender roles are rigid in all countries regardless of changes.
B)   Gender roles are often split between private and public spheres.
C)   Gender roles are unified across both private and public spheres.
D)   Gender roles are exclusively defined by gender performance.

Question 8

Which best describes the learned behaviors perceived as masculine or feminine?

Accepted Answer

A)   sexual dimorphism
B)   alternate sexualities
C)   cultural constructions
D)   gender stratification

Question 9

Define the concept of intersex, and explain how physicians' attitudes toward children born intersex have changed in recent decades in parallel with changes in attitudes toward sexuality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the concept of intersex, and explain...

Question 10

Explain how feminist research on gender stratification and gender roles has changed since Margaret Mead's pioneering research, paying particular attention to the approaches and findings of Sherri Ortner, Michelle Rosaldo, and Annette Weiner. What do we understand about how gender should be studied today?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how feminist research on gender stratification...

Question 11

According to C. J. Pascoe, what is a primary component of the so-called fag discourse in U.S. high schools?

Accepted Answer

A)   the enforcement of heterosexuality
B)   the enforcement of masculinity
C)   discussing gender roles
D)   constant use of bullying to enforce femininity

Question 12

Evaluate which of the five sexes in biologist Anne Fausto-Sterling's continuum represents the hijras of India. How do they perform their gender identity in daily life? What economic and social roles do they play in society? Why are they often victims of violence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evaluate which of the five sexes in...

Question 13

Analyze how idealized gender roles and attributes of both sexes are reflected in the sexual division of labor and jobs that adult men and women tend to pursue in the United States. Provide two examples for each gender.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyze how idealized gender roles and attributes...

Question 14

In popular conversations, emphasis is often placed on the role of biology in shaping gender identities and behaviors. What does research reveal regarding this topic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Culture constantly shapes and reshapes our bodies throughout our lives.
B)   Our DNA remains the same throughout the course of our lives.
C)   Biology plays a more significant role than the environmental context.
D)   A person's biological sex determines his or her innate personality traits.

Question 15

Going out on a date can mean many things. As a man, you might bring flowers, offer to pay the bill, and open doors. As a woman, you may offer to split the tab and offer soft thanks. What does this constitute from an anthropological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   the performance of stereotypes
B)   cultural practices shaped by biological differences between men and women
C)   the performance of gender
D)   a particular type of gendered ritual

Question 16

Johann Sebastian Bach, renowned for his huge repertoire of musical compositions in the sixteenth century, was also, as a boy, an outstanding singer in the soprano range until he was about sixteen. What is the change in voice a characteristic of?

Accepted Answer

A)   childhood
B)   sexual dimorphism
C)   gender
D)   cultural constructions

Question 17

What is the preferred term for individuals of an alternate gender in some Native American cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)   hijra
B)   hermaphrodite
C)   Two-Spirit
D)   berdache

Question 18

How must individuals living in cultures with a binary gender system (such as the United States) be classified in order to gain certain legal recognition?

Accepted Answer

A)   One must choose either male or female.
B)   One is either male, female, or intersex.
C)   One is either male, female, or transgender.
D)   One must choose either male, female, or neither sex.

Question 19

For many women around the world, life is a seemingly unending process of childbirth, child rearing, and hard domestic labor, while men often enjoy free time and more opportunities to socialize. What is this a result of?

Accepted Answer

A)   enforced gender stereotypes
B)   normal gender roles
C)   gender stratification
D)   enforced performance

Question 20

What do anthropologists call the ideas and practices associated with manhood?

Accepted Answer

A)   male biology
B)   masculinity
C)   manhood acts
D)   testosterone

Exam 8: Gender