Question 1

What is the difference between strong and weak sustainability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Irreversibility 
B)  Substitutability of natural and human-made capital 
C)  Savings investment rule 
D)  Planetary boundaries B

Question 2

Which concept did John Elkington coin in his book Cannibals with Forks (1997)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sustainable Development 
B)  Societal Triangle 
C)  Dynamic Complexity 
D)  Triple Bottom Line D

Question 3

What is carrying capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  total amount of land, food, water and other resources that are used by a person or an entity 
B)  accounting tool that allows an estimation of resource consumption and waste absorption 
C)  number of organisms a geographic area can support 
D)  equilibrium of ecosystem services C

Question 4

When did the term Sustainability become more widely used?

Accepted Answer

A)  1970s 
B)  1980s 
C)  1990s 
D)  2000s

Question 5

Which of these does not constitute ecosystem services?

Accepted Answer

A)  Supporting services 
B)  Regulating services 
C)  Cultural services 
D)  Geographical services

Question 6

Which was one of the first books to create awareness and help launch environmental movements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Silent Spring 
B)  The Limits of Growth 
C)  The Crisis of Global Capitalism 
D)  Gaia

Question 7

When did the Brundtland Commission (WCED) publish its report on Sustainable Development?

Accepted Answer

A)  1977 
B)  1987 
C)  1997 
D)  2007

Question 8

What is thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  The study of closed systems 
B)  The dynamics of termites 
C)  The study of energy transformation 
D)  The study of matter

Question 9

What are externalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unpaid benefits or uncompensated costs 
B)  External services 
C)  Outsourced goods 
D)  Marginal costs

Question 10

When was the Rio Earth Summit?

Accepted Answer

A)  1982 
B)  1992 
C)  2002 
D)  2012

Exam 1: Introduction; and Theoretical Perspectives or Behind the Scenes of Economics and Science