Question 1

A thirty seven year old male is being treated for shock related to acute Pancreatitis. The patient states that he has Paresthesia around his fingers and mouth. The nurse observes that the patient's wrists and foot are tremoring. When she applies the blood pressure cuff to the patient's arm, the entire hand and arm has spasms. What abnormality is the patient exhibiting signs and symptoms of?

Accepted Answer

A) Tetany 
B) Shock 
C) Chvostek's sign 
D) Hypersensitivity reaction A

Question 2

What is the main intervention that needs to occur if a patient develops a perforation of the gastro intestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Surgical intervention 
B) Fluid resuscitation 
C) Nasogastric tube placement to low wall suction 
D) Hold all food and assess for signs of bleeding A

Question 3

Which of the following clinical manifestations are the most likely indicators of perforation of the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Shortness of breath, abdominal tenderness and nausea 
B) Abdominal tenderness, temperature of 101.5 
C) Severe abdominal pain, distention and a board like abdomen 
D) Fluid and electrolyte imbalances, hypotension, paralytic ileus C

Question 4

A nurse is assessing the patient for gastrointestinal related complications associated with being on a ventilator. Which of the following medications would assist in preventing peptic ulcer formation?

Accepted Answer

A) Omeprazole 
B) Total parenteral nutrition 
C) Verced 
D) Dopamine

Question 5

What nursing interventions would be the optimal choice to bring relief to the patient who has developed severe Ascites related to Hepatic failure?

Accepted Answer

A) Keep the head of the bed flat. 
B) Give the patient small amounts of their preferred beverage. 
C) Keep the head of the bed elevated. 
D) Give the patient small amounts of ice chips.

Question 6

Which of the following statements would reflect that the patient does not understand the long term effects of liver failure?

Accepted Answer

A) "If I stop drinking, my liver will get better." 
B) "I need to monitor and limit my salt intake." 
C) "It is important that I get more rest." 
D) "My skin might become more yellow and change in color."

Question 7

What symptom of liver failure would be marked by progressive Azotemia, elevated serum Creatinine levels and Oliguria?

Accepted Answer

A) Varices 
B) Hepatic encephalopathy 
C) Jaundice 
D) Hepatorenal syndrome

Question 8

The nurse has just inserted a Nasogastric tube on a patient who is experiencing a severe gastrointestinal bleed and has been continuously vomiting for 24 hours. She has Hemoglobin of 6.4. What nursing intervention would be most likely to prevent aspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Continue with intravenous fluids. 
B) Monitor the electrolyte levels. 
C) Administer a proton pump inhibitor via the intravenous route. 
D) Keep the head of the bed elevated.

Question 9

A 33 year old female has been admitted with severe abdominal pain that has lasted greater than 3 days. She has had severe diarrhea and rectal bleeding for 48 hours. She is scheduled for an Endoscopy in one hour. What disease does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

A) Small bowel obstruction 
B) Portal hypertension 
C) Ulcerative colitis 
D) Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 10

A 37 year old woman is admitted to the intensive care unit after experiencing an anterior spinal cord injury status post trauma. What kind of gastrointestinal problems would this patient be at risk for?

Accepted Answer

A) Uncontrolled nausea and vomiting 
B) Gastrointestinal ulcers 
C) Constipation 
D) Small bowel obstruction

Question 11

What is the drug of choice for treating pain in the patient with acute Pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

A) Morphine 
B) Meperidine 
C) Hydromorphone 
D) Fentanyl citrate

Exam 1: Adult