Cause and Effect Diagrams Illustrate the Main Causes and Sub-Causes

Multiple Choice

Cause and effect diagrams illustrate the main causes and sub-causes leading to an effect, or the inputs x which result in the output y in the equation y = f (x) . The resulting diagram resembles a fishbone diagram called the Ishikawa diagram. Cause and effect diagrams are used in all of the following EXCEPT:

A) When identifying possible causes for a problem.
B) When a team is having difficulty brainstorming causes.
C) When asking "why does this happen?"
D) When an analysis of data is needed.