Question 1

The "man the hunter, woman the gatherer" story is based on the idea that greater male strength and aggression is imprinted in human DNA. On what does this theory rely?

Accepted Answer

A)   the concept of sexual dimorphism
B)   the concept that gender is performed
C)   the understanding that there are five genders
D)   archeological evidence A

Question 2

Anne Fausto-Sterling's analysis of biological sexual identity identifies how many different sexes?

Accepted Answer

A)   three
B)   four
C)   six
D)   five D

Question 3

For many women around the world, life is a seemingly unending process of childbirth, child-rearing, and hard domestic labor, while men often enjoy free time and more opportunities to socialize. What is this a result of?

Accepted Answer

A)   enforced gender stereotypes
B)   normal gender roles
C)   gender stratification
D)   enforced performance C

Question 4

Jade is an anthropologist who is studying the differences in behavior and language between a man and a woman who are both running for office. She observes their physical demeanor in debates, analyzes the kinds of language they use in their speeches, and investigates the kinds of language and adjectives that are used to describe each candidate in the media. What aspect of gender is Jade looking at?

Accepted Answer

A)   roles
B)   stereotypes
C)   stratification
D)   performance

Question 5

The establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations in 2015 specifically includes a goal to achieve what?

Accepted Answer

A)   gender equality and empowerment for women
B)   abolishment of paid domestic work
C)   achievement of universal secondary education for women
D)   creation of a global partnership for implementation of gender rights

Question 6

How do anthropologists describe the way individuals act out behaviors associated with the continuum between masculine and feminine?

Accepted Answer

A)   gender stratification
B)   gender performance
C)   gender dimorphism
D)   gender roles

Question 7

What did Annette Weiner's restudy of women's role in the Trobriand Island exchanges indicate about women?

Accepted Answer

A)   that women participated in elaborate economic exchanges of banana fiber skirts
B)   that women participated in elaborate economic exchanges of shell armbands and necklaces
C)   that women played a limited role in rituals and ceremonial exchanges
D)   that both women and men played complementary roles in the exchange of foods

Question 8

How have women's roles in the U.S. military evolved over the last few years? What are the tensions that still exist? Explain how women in the U.S. military serves as an example of gender stratification and highlights the relationship between gender and power in the U.S.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How have women's roles in the U.S....

Question 9

In 2008, a little more than 50 percent of live births in the United States were male, the remainder designated as female. Recent medical studies suggest that of all live births, many individuals do not fit neatly into either biological category. What is the current estimate of the percentage of such births?

Accepted Answer

A)   at least 5 percent
B)   almost 7 percent
C)   almost 2 percent
D)   less than 1 percent

Question 10

An individual leaves a restaurant. He or she is wearing a suit and tie and has short hair. Based only on these observed visible traits, which of these are we most likely to think that such a person is part of?

Accepted Answer

A)   male role
B)   male sex
C)   male community
D)   male gender

Question 11

In searching for an explanation for what appeared to be women's universally low status, what did anthropologist Sherri Ortner argue about women's biological functions?

Accepted Answer

A)   that women are biologically inferior to men
B)   that biological functions are the result of cultural practices
C)   that men do not understand women's biological functions
D)   that women and nature are strongly conflated

Question 12

What does doing household chores, making decisions about who works outside the home, and raising children indicate about men's gender roles in Mexico?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mexican men construct masculinity in the same way as men in all other cultures.
B)   Conceptions of machismo and masculinity in Mexico are not rigid.
C)   The construction and performance of machismo in Mexico follows a clear and rigid set of rules.
D)   Mexican men accurately reflect the performance of machismo in all cultures.

Question 13

Going out on a date can mean many things. As a man, you might bring flowers, offer to pay the bill, and open doors. As a woman, you may offer to split the tab and offer soft thanks. What does this constitute from an anthropological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   the performance of stereotypes
B)   cultural practices shaped by biological differences between men and women
C)   the performance of gender
D)   a particular type of gendered ritual

Question 14

Analyze how idealized gender roles and attributes of both sexes are reflected in the sexual division of labor and jobs that adult men and women tend to pursue in the United States. Provide two examples for each gender.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyze how idealized gender roles and attributes...

Question 15

Which of the following is/are considered a secondary sexual characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)   genitalia
B)   testes
C)   pitch of voice
D)   ovaries

Question 16

A United Nations survey recently found that less than 22 percent of the world's parliamentarians are women. What does this suggest about the role of gender in establishing and maintaining power dynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gender plays a key role in power relationships.
B)   Power is based on biological characteristics.
C)   Gender is less important than other factors when establishing powerful leaders.
D)   Power is unrelated to both sex and gender.

Question 17

The behaviors encouraged in sports-where boys are rewarded for competitiveness and girls are often encouraged to play nicely-reflect what aspect of a larger cultural framework?

Accepted Answer

A)   the construction and maintenance of gender roles in a society
B)   the manner in which gender roles reverse during adolescence and later become normalized
C)   the way in which sexual dimorphism is a natural part of our society
D)   the importance of sport in the American cultural imagination

Question 18

The process of becoming "male" or "female" begins during childhood and youth. Provide two specific examples of ways that parents start this process by "doing gender." Provide two specific examples of ways that participating in sports reflects personality traits (e.g., gentleness versus competitiveness) commonly associated with women and men in the United States. How is this tied to the constructions of masculinity inherent in the "fag discourse" in U.S. high schools?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of becoming "male" or "female"...

Question 19

Johann Sebastian Bach, renowned for his huge repertoire of musical compositions in the sixteenth century, was also, as a boy, an outstanding singer in the soprano range until he was about sixteen. What is the change in voice a characteristic of?

Accepted Answer

A)   childhood
B)   sexual dimorphism
C)   gender
D)   cultural constructions

Question 20

Anthropologists have recently spent a great deal of time bringing to light the challenges that many gay, lesbian, transgender, transsexual, or Two-Spirit Native Americans have historically faced. As a result, what French-based term has fallen into disrepute to describe transgender people in Native American communities?

Accepted Answer

A)   hijra
B)   berdache
C)   transsexual
D)   gay

Exam 7: Gender