Given an Initial Population $P _ { 0 } = 60,000$

Multiple Choice

Given an initial population, $P _ { 0 } = 60,000$ , a renewal rate, R = 189, and a survival function, $S ( t ) = e ^ { - 0.05 t }$ , with time t measured in years, determine the population at the end of 11 years.

A) 58,401
B) 36,216
C) 5,961
D) 6,602,611