PWHerman Wants to Know Whether Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages Affects

Multiple Choice

P.W.Herman wants to know whether consumption of alcoholic beverages affects peoples' bicycling abilities.He suggeststhat the alcohol itself doesn't have any negative effects,but that people who drink alcohol expect to have their riding abilities impaired so they "act drunk." To control for the participants' expectations,P.W.gives half of his sample vodka and the other half of his sample vodka-flavored water.P.W.is using a(n) ____research method,and the vodka-flavored water is a ____.

A) naturalistic observation; confounding variable
B) survey; confounding variable
C) experimental; placebo
D) experimental; treatment variable