Which Nonparametric Test Should Be Used to Analyze Data from the Following

Short Answer

Which nonparametric test should be used to analyze data from the following studies?
a. Virgin female rats were injected with blood plasma from nursing mother rats, blood plasma from other virgin female rats or a saline solution. Maternal behavior in response to 5-10 day old rat pups was recorded. (Results: blood plasma from nursing mothers induces maternal behavior.)
b. In a classic experiment by Richard Walk, year-old human infants were coaxed to crawl across glass toward their mother, crossing either a shallow (1/2 inch deep) chasm or a deep chasm (3 feet deep). Time to cross was measured first for one side, then the other for 24 infants.
c. A researcher was interested in the relationship between weight and dominance among banty roosters. From a barnyard group of 16, both weight and rank in the dominance hierarchy was determined.
d. Each participant was asked to talk about "anything you want" for 10 minutes. During the first five minutes, the experimenter recorded the number of plural nouns said. During the next five minutes half the participants were "reinforced" for each plural noun by "uh-huh" or a nod from the experimenter. For the other half there were no reinforcements during the second five minutes. For both groups the dependent variable was the number of plural nouns generated during the second five minutes.