Joe Josey Has a Hot Temper and Has Been Drinking

Multiple Choice

Joe Josey has a hot temper and has been drinking heavily at the Circle K bar. He believes that the young man occupying the bar stool next to his is trying to make a pass at the bartender, who happens to be Joe's girlfriend. Joe stands up and tries to punch the young man, but instead stumbles and smacks the little old lady on the next bar stool over. She falls and suffers a concussion. The concept that best explains why Joe may be criminally liable for the harm the old lady suffers is:

A) actus reus.
B) mens rea.
C) specific intent.
D) transferred intent.
E) all of the above