The Hawthorne Studies Established a Concept Called the Hawthorne Effect

Multiple Choice

The Hawthorne studies established a concept called the Hawthorne Effect. In other words, _________________.

A) lighting conditions are the single most important element in increasing productivity
B) productivity cannot be an overriding concern of management
C) when employees are given special attention, productivity is likely to change regardless of whether working conditions change
D) management pressure rather than group demands has the strongest influence on worker productivity