Question 1

MATCHING
-positive right

Accepted Answer

A)  "Inventing Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
B)  "Discovering Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
C)  claim right 
D)  liberty C

Question 2

Are there ever instances in which a legal act might not be an ethical act? Explain.

Accepted Answer

Yes, there are instances in which a legal act might not be an ethical act. This can occur when a law is unjust or discriminatory, but still technically legal. For example, there have been historical laws that allowed for segregation or discrimination based on race, which were legal at the time but widely considered unethical. Additionally, there may be situations where a law is outdated or does not adequately address a complex ethical issue, leading to legal actions that are not in line with widely accepted ethical standards. In these cases, individuals and organizations may choose to act in an ethical manner even if it means going against the letter of the law. It is important to remember that legality and ethics are not always synonymous, and individuals should strive to act in a way that is both legal and ethical.

Question 3

Explain the difference between deontological theories of ethics and utilitarian theories of ethics.

Accepted Answer

Deontological theories of ethics, such as those proposed by Immanuel Kant, focus on the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, rather than the consequences of those actions. These theories emphasize the importance of following moral rules and duties, regardless of the outcomes. In deontological ethics, certain actions are considered inherently right or wrong, and individuals have a duty to act in accordance with these moral rules.

On the other hand, utilitarian theories of ethics, as advocated by philosophers like John Stuart Mill, prioritize the consequences of actions. According to utilitarianism, the moral worth of an action is determined by its ability to produce the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of people. This means that in utilitarian ethics, the ends justify the means, and actions are evaluated based on their overall impact on well-being.

In summary, the main difference between deontological and utilitarian theories of ethics lies in their focus. Deontological ethics emphasizes the importance of following moral rules and duties, while utilitarian ethics prioritizes the consequences of actions and the overall impact on well-being.

Question 4

Claim rights or positive rights

Accepted Answer

A)  are rights to act without interference 
B)  are guaranteed in the First Amendment 
C)  impose an obligation on some people to provide certain things for others 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

Briefly compare deontological and utilitarian theories of ethics. Which is more relative? Which is more absolute?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly compare deontological and utilitarian theories of...

Question 6

MATCHING
-negative right

Accepted Answer

A)  "Inventing Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
B)  "Discovering Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
C)  claim right 
D)  liberty

Question 7

MATCHING
-deontological

Accepted Answer

A)  "Inventing Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
B)  "Discovering Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
C)  claim right 
D)  liberty

Question 8

Wikipedia relies upon an advertising-based business model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Briefly describe the difference between negative and positive rights (liberties and claim rights). Give an example of a negative right and a positive right.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the difference between negative and...

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a negative right or liberty?

Accepted Answer

A)  freedom of speech, as provided in the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution 
B)  freedom of religion, as provided in the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution 
C)  the right to use your labor, skills or mind to create goods and services 
D)  all of the above

Question 11

More people worldwide have access to a cellphone than to a toilet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Researchers are developing brain-computer interfaces to enable severely handicapped people to control appliances with their thoughts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Accelerometers help robots stay upright.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A Turing Test determines the strength of an encryption method.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

MATCHING
-utilitarian

Accepted Answer

A)  "Inventing Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
B)  "Discovering Right and Wrong" would reflect this theory of ethics 
C)  claim right 
D)  liberty

Question 16

Explain the difference between negative rights and positive rights.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between negative rights and...

Exam 1: Unwrapping the Gift

MATCHING -positive right

Are there ever instances in which a legal act might not be an ethical act? Explain.

Explain the difference between deontological theories of ethics and utilitarian theories of ethics.

Claim rights or positive rights

Briefly compare deontological and utilitarian theories of ethics. Which is more relative? Which is more absolute?

MATCHING -negative right

MATCHING -deontological

Wikipedia relies upon an advertising-based business model.

Briefly describe the difference between negative and positive rights (liberties and claim rights). Give an example of a negative right and a positive right.

Which of the following is an example of a negative right or liberty?

More people worldwide have access to a cellphone than to a toilet.

Researchers are developing brain-computer interfaces to enable severely handicapped people to control appliances with their thoughts.

Accelerometers help robots stay upright.

A Turing Test determines the strength of an encryption method.

MATCHING -utilitarian

Explain the difference between negative rights and positive rights.