Joseph's Parents Have Recently Separated and His Mother Has Lost

Multiple Choice

Joseph's parents have recently separated and his mother has lost her job. For the first time, Joseph's family is considered low-income. Researchers would expect his school achievement to be:

A) similar to children who have always been low-income.
B) similar to children in middle-class families.
C) higher than long-term low income children but lower than middle-class children.
D) unchanged by variation in family income.