Question 1

Forty years from now a survey says that there are currently more men than women in a nation. What prediction will this survey make about the social climate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women will be encouraged to work outside the home. 
B)  Women will be discouraged to work outside the home. 
C)  Unmarried motherhood will be an option and more people will get married. 
D)  Women will be allowed or encouraged to have sex outside of marriage. B

Question 2

After encountering a single 45-year-old woman at her new job, Jonah says, "It's not normal that she's 45 and single. And I've heard it's unhealthy, too." Jonah's attitude is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  singlism. 
B)  individualism. 
C)  avoidance motivation. 
D)  excessive mutuality. A

Question 3

Sex differences refer to ________, while gender differences refer to ________ between men and women.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological differences; social and psychological distinctions 
B)  social and psychological distinctions; biological differences 
C)  behavioral differences; biological differences 
D)  social differences; behavioral differences A

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true about self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-esteem is an evolved mechanism that serves one's need to belong. 
B)  Events that involve interpersonal rejection damage one's self-esteem in a way that other disappointments do. 
C)  Private events affect one's self-esteem more than public events witnessed by others. 
D)  People with high self-esteem most often sabotage their relationships by underestimating their partner's love for them.

Question 5

Which of the following Big Five personality traits represents the extent to which people are outgoing and assertive versus cautious and shy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conscientiousness 
B)  Agreeableness 
C)  Neuroticism 
D)  Extraversion

Question 6

On average, an American mother now has her first child:

Accepted Answer

A)  after she gets married. 
B)  before she gets married. 
C)  by the age of 40. 
D)  by the age of 50.

Question 7

According to the Big Five personality traits, people with high scores in ________ should have more pleasant relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness 
B)  neuroticism and openness to new experience 
C)  agreeableness, neuroticism, and conscientiousness 
D)  conscientiousness and openness to new experience

Question 8

The time, energy, and resources one must provide to one's offspring to reproduce is termed as:

Accepted Answer

A)  parental investment. 
B)  reproduction. 
C)  evolution. 
D)  conscientiousness.

Question 9

In his book "Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus," Gray writes that men and women almost seem to be from different planets, speaking different languages, and needing different nourishment. Social science research suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)  this statement is correct, i.e., the difference between the average man and the average woman is large, and there is almost no overlap between the sexes at all. 
B)  this statement is correct because the range of behavior among members of a given sex is small compared to the average difference between the sexes. 
C)  sex differences are statistically real but actual differences remain to be demonstrated. 
D)  men and women are much more similar than different on most of the dimensions and topics of interest to relationship science.

Question 10

We are driven to establish and maintain intimacy with others to fulfill the need:

Accepted Answer

A)  to belong. 
B)  for dependency. 
C)  for success. 
D)  to please others.

Question 11

Which of the following Big Five personality traits is the most influential?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conscientiousness 
B)  Neuroticism 
C)  Extraversion 
D)  Agreeableness

Question 12

As parents, women are mothers and men are fathers. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a sex difference 
B)  a gender difference. 
C)  singlism. 
D)  individualism.

Question 13

According to a research conducted by Anderson, most young adults now feel that it is desirable for a couple to live together before they get married so that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they can avoid the chances of getting divorced. 
B)  they can spend more time together. 
C)  they do not have to make any commitments. 
D)  they do not have health problems.

Question 14

As a participant in a research study, Chris is asked to describe his relationship with his partner. The researchers ask him to choose a pair of overlapping circles, representing him and his partner, which best describes the closeness in their relationship. In this scenario, which of the following components of intimate relationships is being assessed by the researchers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutuality 
B)  Knowledge 
C)  Responsiveness 
D)  Commitment

Question 15

In the context of the nature and importance of intimacy, people with ________ in their lives are at a risk for a wide variety of health problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive mutuality 
B)  excessive commitment 
C)  insufficient intimacy 
D)  insufficient responsiveness

Question 16

In the context of the nature and importance of intimacy, when the need to belong is satisfied, the drive to form additional relationships is:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased. 
B)  reduced. 
C)  developed. 
D)  lost.

Question 17

According to researchers, Eberhart and Hammen, a lack of intimacy can:

Accepted Answer

A)  cause psychological problems only in those who are below 40 years of age. 
B)  causes destructive behaviors, such as substance abuse. 
C)  be fulfilled, regardless of the quality of our relationships. 
D)  be satisfied with certain solitary pursuits if one cannot find companionship.

Exam 1: The Building Blocks of Relationships