In Order to Investigate Whether Talking on Cell Phones Is

Multiple Choice

In order to investigate whether talking on cell phones is more distracting than listening to car radios while driving, sixty-four student volunteers (from a single college class) were randomly assigned to a cell phone group or a radio group (32 students were assigned to each group) . Each student "drove" a machine that simulated driving situations. While "driving" the simulator, a target would flash red at irregular intervals. Participants were instructed to press the "brake" button as soon as possible when they detected a red light. Participant response times were measured as the time between the red light appearing and pushing the brake button. While driving, the radio group listened to a radio broadcast and the cell phone group carried on a conversation on the cell phone with someone in the next room.
The cell phone group had an average response time of 585.2 milliseconds (SD = 89.6) , and the control group had an average response time of 533.7 milliseconds (SD = 65.3) .
-Suppose you would like to use a simulation-based method to randomly shuffle the reaction times between the two groups. What would be the main purpose of this use of random shuffling in this simulation?

A) To allow cause-and-effect conclusions to be drawn from the study.
B) To allow generalizing the results to a larger population.
C) To simulate values of the statistic under the null hypothesis.
D) To replicate the study and increase the accuracy of the results.