The World Health Organization Reports That the SARS (Severe Acute

Multiple Choice

The World Health Organization reports that the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) outbreak in 2003 resulted in 8098 probable cases reported, 774 of which were fatalities. A student who is planning to travel to Vietnam is concerned about another virus outbreak and would like to use data on how Vietnam handled SARS cases as a gauge for how well its health care system would handle another virus outbreak. The student plans to test if the fatality rate in Vietnam from SARS is different from the global fatality rate. Of the 89 SARS cases reported in Vietnam in 2003, 5 people died. The student analyzes these data in two ways:
Method 1: The theory-based p-value was calculated to be 0.2061.
Method 2: The simulation-based p-value was calculated to be 0.2797.
Which p-value is most valid?

A) The theory-based p-value, since the p-value is calculated by finding the exact area under a Normal distribution.
B) The theory-based p-value, since there are over 10 "failures" (people who survived SARS) .
C) The simulation-based p-value, since there are only 5 "successes" (people who died from SARS) .
D) The simulation-based p-value, since it simulates thousands of samples.