Question 1

Gmelch asserts that while there is a great deal of ritual surrounding pitching and fielding, there is relatively little concerned with hitting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

When Luhrmann discusses the "duality" of religious understandings of the Goddess, she is referring to the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)   the Goddess is perceived as being dominantly feminine, but actually displays a significant emphasis on male themes like virility.
B)   the Goddess is both exclusively in the world and, at the same time, exclusively out of this world.
C)   the Goddess paradoxically represents both transformation and the conservation and maintenance of unchanging traditions.
D)   the Goddess is on one hand an entity one can relate to and talk with personally, and on the other hand, the Goddess merely personifies the natural world in myth and imagery. D

Question 3

In many preliterate societies, witchcraft serves as an everyday, socially acceptable way of managing tension, explaining the otherwise unexplainable, leveling disparities in wealth and status, and resolving social conflict.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

When a person is sanctioned as having been deviant among the Kabana,

Accepted Answer

A)   the individual must enter into a period of forced isolation in order to purify herself to prevent polluting the rest of the group.
B)   one of the only socially sanctioned roles available to him in the community is the role of sorcerer.
C)   the individual is privately summoned by the village magistrate in order to work out her punishment.
D)   the aim of the sanction is to provide the culprit with the opportunity for expiation and rectification of behavior.

Question 5

In Thomas's article, Witchcraft is a popular explanation for HIV due to

Accepted Answer

A)   rapid and often unpredictable socio-economic change
B)   high rate of illness and death in persons of prime working age
C)   traditional regional attribution of misfortune to witchcraft
D)   All of the above

Question 6

B. F. Skinner used pigeons to demonstrate how and why personal rituals are established in the first place.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

"Esbats"are seasonal ritual meetings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Among the Kabana of West New Britain, the sorcerer's threat inhibits deviance and mediates conflict so successfully that no one is actually ever sorcerized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In Namibia, in Thomas's research, when an individual is accused of witchcraft and there are serious ramifications of extreme illness or death there is a prescribed, long, difficult process by which all charges and accusations will be absolved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Kabana sorcerers may sometimes leave "calling cards" to announce the impending intent to sorcerize the victim.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The title of Luhrmann's article, "The Goat and the Gazelle," refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   two distinct ancient rituals marking the decay of nature in the fall and its subsequent rebirth in the spring.
B)   the coupling of romantic spiritual intensity with the paunchy flaws of the flesh.
C)   the inherent complementarity and integration of female and male images and symbols in the practice of witchcraft.
D)   the two distinct branches of witchcraft: those who allow male members and those who do not.

Question 12

Most covens hold their meetings in the nude.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Luhrmann, a witch herself, traces the modern revival of witchcraft to

Accepted Answer

A)   ancient Pagan magico-religious cults rediscovered in Celtic texts and artifacts.
B)   the anthropological dissemination of ancient (pre-Christian)  Sumerian goddess rites previously unknown in the Western world.
C)   the fictitious ethnographies and other writings produced by Gerald Gardner in the 1940s.
D)   a modern reexamination of the goddess cults and festivals held in Ancient Greece in honor of Aphrodite.

Question 14

The linkage of witchcraft to HIV/AIDS in Namibia has __________ incidence of HIV/AIDS testing and diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

A)   dramatically decreased
B)   decreased
C)   maintained
D)   increased

Question 15

According to Gmelch, when players are in a slump they

Accepted Answer

A)   abide by their rituals stringently in an effort to turn their luck around.
B)   usually make a deliberate effort to change their rituals in an attempt to shake off bad luck.
C)   will add elements to their preexisting ritual, but they will hardly ever remove behavior from their rituals.
D)   tend to do the exact opposite of their former ritual, as all behavior associated with it has now become taboo.

Question 16

In the participant's point of view, witchcraft is

Accepted Answer

A)   a relatively new neo-Pagan tradition collectively generated in the post-modern era.
B)   a re-emergence and continuation of the most ancient of religious traditions: earth worship through the figure of the Goddess.
C)   an old tradition traceable to the Nordic Volva religion that flourished in Europe in the ninth, tenth, and eleventh centuries.
D)   an invented religion based on the tales of King Arthur and Guinevere, among other European folk tales.

Question 17

According to Luhrmann, feminist covens

Accepted Answer

A)   rely the most heavily on historical documents like ancient Sumerian and Egyptian texts associated with Goddess worship.
B)   emphasize collectivity and creativity more than other types of modern witchcraft.
C)   are relatively rare in the United States but very popular in England.

Question 18

Gmelch concludes that fielding in baseball is very similar to

Accepted Answer

A)   open sea fishing among the Trobriand because of its lack of associated magic.
B)   open sea fishing among the Trobriand because of all the magic and ritual associated with the practice.
C)   inner lagoon fishing among the Trobriand because of the lack of associated magic and ritual.
D)   inner lagoon fishing among the Trobriand because of all the magic and ritual associated with the practice.

Question 19

In his investigation into baseball magic, Gmelch defines ritual as

Accepted Answer

A)   a prescribed behavior in which there is no empirical connection between the means and the desired end.
B)   a behavior that is done in a methodical and routinized way.
C)   a prescribed behavior that supports the core beliefs of a system.
D)   a symbolic assertion of control over the uncontrollable.

Question 20

Education level is a determining factor in cultural beliefs about witchcraft.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Witchcraft, Sorcery, Divination, and Magic

Gmelch asserts that while there is a great deal of ritual surrounding pitching and fielding, there is relatively little concerned with hitting.

When Luhrmann discusses the "duality" of religious understandings of the Goddess, she is referring to the fact that

In many preliterate societies, witchcraft serves as an everyday, socially acceptable way of managing tension, explaining the otherwise unexplainable, leveling disparities in wealth and status, and resolving social conflict.

When a person is sanctioned as having been deviant among the Kabana,

In Thomas's article, Witchcraft is a popular explanation for HIV due to

B. F. Skinner used pigeons to demonstrate how and why personal rituals are established in the first place.

"Esbats"are seasonal ritual meetings.

Among the Kabana of West New Britain, the sorcerer's threat inhibits deviance and mediates conflict so successfully that no one is actually ever sorcerized.

In Namibia, in Thomas's research, when an individual is accused of witchcraft and there are serious ramifications of extreme illness or death there is a prescribed, long, difficult process by which all charges and accusations will be absolved.

Kabana sorcerers may sometimes leave "calling cards" to announce the impending intent to sorcerize the victim.

The title of Luhrmann's article, "The Goat and the Gazelle," refers to

Most covens hold their meetings in the nude.

Luhrmann, a witch herself, traces the modern revival of witchcraft to

The linkage of witchcraft to HIV/AIDS in Namibia has __________ incidence of HIV/AIDS testing and diagnosis.

According to Gmelch, when players are in a slump they

In the participant's point of view, witchcraft is

According to Luhrmann, feminist covens

Gmelch concludes that fielding in baseball is very similar to

In his investigation into baseball magic, Gmelch defines ritual as

Education level is a determining factor in cultural beliefs about witchcraft.