In What Sense Do Measures of Association Help with Prediction

Multiple Choice

In what sense do measures of association help with prediction?

A) They show whether a relationship is causal.
B) They give us a better estimate of a case's score on the dependent variable than we would obtain by guessing.
C) They tell us whether an observed relationship is likely to have occurred by random chance.
D) They allow us to determine whether a theory is true or false.