Which of the Following Was One Important Consequence of Aghlabid

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was one important consequence of Aghlabid incursions into western Europe?

A) European merchants became increasingly involved in trans-hemispheric trade.
B) A strong centralized state arose in Italy to defend against Aghlabid raids.
C) European merchants became increasingly removed from maritime Mediterranean trade.
D) Charlemagne's descendants attempted to revive a European-wide Christian empire.