John Flavell Proposed Two Levels of Perspective-Taking Ability

Multiple Choice

John Flavell proposed two levels of perspective-taking ability. Level 1, which occurs around the ages of 2 or 3, involves which ability?

A) Children recognize that an object placed out of sight continues to exist, even without direct perception of the object.
B) Children know that other people experience things differently, but they lack rules for determining precisely what another person experiences.
C) Children at Level 1 understand that a person feels happy if she or he succeeds and sad if she or he fails.
D) Children acquire complex rules in order to deduce what another person sees or experiences from that person's perspective.