Tinbergen and Krypt (1938) Demonstrated That the Digger Wasp (Philanthus

Multiple Choice

Tinbergen and Krypt (1938) demonstrated that the digger wasp (Philanthus triangulum) relies on landmarks to relocate its nest after a foraging flight by placing a ring of 20 pine cones around the nest opening

A) after the wasp had left the nest to forage but before it returned.
B) and then removing half of the pine cones while the wasp was away.
C) and then removing them completely while the wasp was away.
D) before the wasp left the nest to forage, and then moving it a short distance before it returned.