You Are Evaluating a Patient Who Is Post a Posterolateral

Multiple Choice

You are evaluating a patient who is post a posterolateral thoracotomy procedure and is complaining of ipsilateral shoulder pain.Which of the following is LEAST likely a probable cause of the shoulder pain?

A) Diaphragmatic irritation referred by the phrenic nerve
B) Chest drain placed too far into the apex of the hemithorax
C) Operative positioning of the ipsilateral upper extremity
D) Developing atelectasis postoperatively