Describe How Natural Selection Shapes Predator Inspection Behavior and the Capacity

Essay

Describe how natural selection shapes predator inspection behavior and the capacity to learn about predators in the example of the Dorset and Gwynedd minnows (Interpopulational Differences in Minnow Approach Behavior section of the chapter). Next, read the paper by Archard and colleagues (2012) titled "Correlated Behaviour and Stress Physiology in Fish Exposed to Different Levels of Predation Pressure" (Functional Ecology, vol. 26, pp. 637-645). Detail the findings of this paper, particularly with respect to how natural selection might have shaped exploratory behavior, activity levels, and stress responsiveness in populations derived from areas with different levels of predation risk. Are there any connections between stress hormones and learning? If so, develop at least two hypotheses exploring how selection on stress responsiveness might explain the results of the study on Dorset and Gwynedd minnows.