What Is the Difference Between Piloting, Path Integration (Dead Reckoning)

Essay

What is the difference between piloting, path integration (dead reckoning) and true navigation? Read the article by Jorge and colleagues (2012), "Homing in Rocky Intertidal Fish. Are Lipophrys pholis l. Able to Perform True Navigation?" (Animal Cognition, vol. 15, pp. 1173-1181). Describe the experimental approach used by the authors and discuss which homing mechanism the fish use. If the fish use true navigation, this implies some sort of "map and compass" approach. Given that compasses rely on the magnetic field, do you think animals have the ability to detect the magnetic field? Generate at least two hypotheses regarding how animals might use a magnetic sense for navigational purposes.