The Final Blow to Portuguese Domination of the Asian Spice

Multiple Choice

The final blow to Portuguese domination of the Asian spice trade came when​

A) ​Christopher Columbus sailed to Hispaniola.
B) ​the English began to form joint-stock companies for colonization.
C) ​the Dutch VOC seized Malacca.
D) ​Muslim traders extended from the Arabic peninsula and cut off access to the Indian ocean.
E) ​the Portuguese monarchy was overthrown by Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain.