Refer to Figure 9

Multiple Choice

Refer to Figure 9.2, showing the citric acid cycle, as a guide to answer the following questions.

-In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP?

A) energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system
B) energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation
C) energy released from ATP synthase pumping hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix
D) energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase
E) No external source of energy is required because the reaction is exergonic.