Kristina Scored Below Average on an Intelligence Test in 5ᵗʰ

Multiple Choice

Kristina scored below average on an intelligence test in 5ᵗʰ grade.As a result,she was held back a year.Her parents and teachers developed low expectations for her.Ultimately,Kristina quit high school and took a low paying job at a convenience store.This is an example of

A) self-fulfilling prophecy.
B) culturally biased testing.
C) lack of standardization.
D) an unreliable intelligence test.
E) mainstreaming.