A Lateral Sacral Projection with Poor Positioning Demonstrates a Closed

Multiple Choice

A lateral sacral projection with poor positioning demonstrates a closed L5-S1 intervertebral disk space and foreshortening of the sacrum. How could the positioning setup have been mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained?
1) The patient was rotated.
2) The central ray was angled too cephalically.
3) The vertebral column was not aligned parallel with the imaging table.
4) The patient's legs were extended.

A) 1 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 4 only