Two Researchers Tell You They Study the Same Thing

Multiple Choice

Two researchers tell you they study the same thing. However, when you look at their research papers, they do not use similar methodologies or measurements. How is this possible?

A) The researchers have the same conceptual definitions.
B) The researchers have the same operational definitions.
C) The researchers have the same conceptual definitions and operational definitions.
D) The researchers do not have the same conceptual definitions nor the same operational definitions.