What Is the Independent Variable in the Following Statement? "The

Multiple Choice

What is the independent variable in the following statement? "The continuing absence of a father leads to low educational attainment among offspring in single-parent families.This view is derived from socialization theory,which stresses the importance of the male role model to the cognitive and emotional development of children."

A) Educational attainment
B) Single-parent family
C) Socialization theory
D) Absence of father in the family
E) Emotional development of children