An Advertising Firm Hired by Multinational Motors Wants to Demonstrate

Multiple Choice

An advertising firm hired by Multinational Motors wants to demonstrate that its advertising campaigns improve Canadian public perceptions of Multinational Motors' vehicles.The advertising firm surveys Canadians every year over the course of its 10-year contract with Multinational Motors.Each year,Canadian public perceptions of Multinational Motors increased with the exception of 2009.Just prior to conducting the 2009 survey,Multinational Motors was forced to recall an entire line of vehicles with defective brake systems,which resulted in several,highly-publicized deaths.What threat to internal validity might the results of the 2009 survey reflect?

A) Testing effect
B) Mortality
C) Maturation
D) History effect
E) Instrumentation