Class I MHC-Restricted T Cell Responses to Tumors Can Be

Multiple Choice

Class I MHC-restricted T cell responses to tumors can be demonstrated in patients with various types of tumors,yet most of these tumors do not express costimulatory molecules.Which mechanism most likely explains how naive CD8⁺ T cells specific for antigens expressed by these tumors are stimulated to differentiate into cytolytic T lymphocytes?

A) Malignant transformation of CD8⁺ T cells
B) Tumor secretion of T cell-activating cytokines
C) Cross reaction of microbe-specific CD8⁺ T cells with tumor antigens
D) Cross priming
E) Antigenic modulation