Suppose a New Social Casework Program Is Offered to Students

Multiple Choice

Suppose a new social casework program is offered to students with high levels of truancy. If those students placed in the program by their families have significantly less truancy after participating than the students who did not participate in the program, then we can conclude that:​

A) ​the program effectively reduces truancy.
B) a selection bias might explain away the difference.​
C) causality cannot be inferred because of the lack of covariation.​
D) some clients benefited, so the program has value.​