THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION

Essay

THE NEXT QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
A brand manager is interested in determining if consumers prefer the new fragrance associated with a detergent.She surveyed 212 consumers and has them rank the new and old fragrances on a scale of 1 to 10.Of the 198 consumers who scored a different score on the new fragrance than on the old,the absolute values of the differences in their ratings were ranked.The smaller of the ranked sums,8,208,was for those individuals who rated the original fragrance higher.
-A sample of 75 corporations buying back franchises was examined.Of these cases,returns on common stock around the buy-back announcement date were positive 48 times,negative 22 times,and zero 5 times.Test the null hypothesis that positive and negative returns are equally likely against the alternative that positive returns are more likely.