One Disadvantage of Using Field Studies to Study Deception in Criminal

Multiple Choice

One disadvantage of using field studies to study deception in criminal suspects is that:

A) the ground truth cannot be established.
B) most are guilty reflecting a lie-bias.
C) many suspects are able to fool the polygraph.
D) suspects are often not motivated to be truthful.
E) suspects rarely agree to be a part of a research study.