Question 1

Some freshwater snail eggs are accidentally introduced into a new habitat that is geographically isolated from the original population.Which of the following must occur before these snails are described as two separate species?

Accepted Answer

A)   gene flow
B)   sympatric speciation
C)   adaptation
D)   genetic divergence D

Question 2

Genetic adaptations in two closely related species living within the same territory indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)   gene flow is extensive between the two species.
B)   geographic isolation is required for evolution.
C)   allopatric speciation has occurred.
D)   sympatric speciation has occurred. D

Question 3

Identify whether a type of reproductive barrier is prezygotic or postzygotic.
-mechanical isolation

Accepted Answer

A)  prezygotic
B)  postzygotic A

Question 4

Two species evolving together in response to interactions between the two species is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two species evolving together in response to...

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two species produce zygotes that fail to develop normally and die prior to birth.
B)   Two species have reproductive organs that are physically incompatible.
C)   Breeding occurs at different times of the day for two species in the same area.
D)   Different courtship displays prevent two species from interbreeding.

Question 6

Which of the following statements gives an example of coevolution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two unrelated species form at the same time after ancestral species populate a newly formed volcanic island.
B)   Two closely related mice species on different mountaintops in the southwest United States both adapt the same trait because food sources are similar.
C)   An ant species and a plant species both develop adaptations in response to changes in the other species.
D)   A wild cat species and a wild dog species both have similar bacteria living in their guts, which allow them to produce vitamin K.

Question 7

In many predator-prey relationships,evolutionary change in the prey will result in evolutionary change in the predator,a phenomenon known as

Accepted Answer

A)   polyploidy.
B)   allopatrism.
C)   coevolution.
D)   sympatric speciation.

Question 8

Explain how a change in the depth,either a lengthening or shortening,of flowers that contain nectar eaten by a particular species of hummingbird would potentially lead to a change in the hummingbird.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how a change in the depth,either...

Question 9

Two species live near each other but do not respond to each other's courtship displays.This is an example of ________ isolation,a type of prezygotic barrier.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two species live near each other but...

Question 10

Determine the type of reproductive barrier described in each statement.
-The gametes of sea urchins living on a reef together are incapable of fusing.

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid sterility
B)  behavioral isolation
C)  ecological isolation
D)  zygote death
E)  gametic isolation

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a prezygotic barrier that can isolate two species living in the same geographic area?

Accepted Answer

A)   The members of two populations of birds living in neighboring forests freely interbreed.
B)   One species of cichlid has the same mating behavior as another cichlid species in the same lake.
C)   The gametes of one species of orchid in a rainforest are unable to fuse with the gametes of another species of orchid in the same rain forest.
D)   Two species of wildflowers mate and produce a hybrid that is capable of successfully breeding with either species.

Question 12

Two birds that are similar in morphology and live in the same forest exhibit different courtship behaviors.Which of the following describes the relationship of these birds?

Accepted Answer

A)   These birds are the same species because they share morphology.
B)   Mating would be prevented because these birds would not respond to each other's behaviors.
C)   Allopatric speciation is occurring between these birds.
D)   Coevolution is causing these birds to have similar morphology.

Question 13

Using the biological species concept as a method of defining a species is NOT useful for

Accepted Answer

A)   species whose ranges overlap.
B)   species that cannot produce hybrids.
C)   organisms known only from fossils.
D)   organisms that reproduce sexually.

Question 14

Two populations of ________ are NOT an example of speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)   sea urchins in the same territory, which are physically unable to mate
B)   small rodents that look similar but have genetic differences
C)   morphologically distinct lizards that lack differences in DNA sequences
D)   butterflies that live in the same area but breed in different seasons

Question 15

Summarize how genetic divergence between two populations leads to reproductive barriers that isolate species living in the same area.Give specific examples of the barriers produced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize how genetic divergence between two populations...

Question 16

The two squirrel species shown in the figure below arose from the same ancestor.The Kaibab squirrel lives on the north rim of the Grand Canyon and the Abert's squirrel lives on the south rim.Which is the MOST likely explanation for their speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The population of ancestral squirrel occupied only one of the rims of the Grand Canyon. As the population grew, some members of the population crossed the Grand Canyon to form a new population.
B)   The population of the ancestral squirrel was split by the formation of the Grand Canyon. Since the habitats were different on each rim, the populations evolved differently and became reproductively isolated.
C)   When the Grand Canyon formed, competition for food and shelter became fierce. The two species arose through sympatric speciation as some individuals gathered food on the north rim rather than on the south rim.
D)   The ancestral squirrel was actually a hybrid of two squirrel species. When the populations were separated and could no longer mate, the characteristics of the two species became more obvious.

Question 17

Match each numbered statement to one of the terms listed below.
-process of evolution through natural selection

Accepted Answer

A)  coevolution
B)  biological species concept
C)  morphological species concept
D)  speciation
E)  morphologyF) adaptation

Question 18

Two birds with distinct differences in their plumage successfully mate and produce viable,fertile offspring.Using the biological species concept,explain whether these two birds would be defined as a single species.Also address whether you would require more information to make this determination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two birds with distinct differences in their...

Question 19

Two populations that live ________ do NOT provide an example of geographic isolation.

Accepted Answer

A)   in two valleys on opposite sides of a mountain range
B)   on different mountains with a valley between them
C)   on opposite sides of a river
D)   in different parts of a small lake

Question 20

Sympatric speciation

Accepted Answer

A)   occurs only in plants.
B)   is impossible, because the populations of a species must be isolated from one another for speciation to occur.
C)   is always a result of polyploidy.
D)   occurs when a new species emerges from a population in the absence of a geographical barrier.

Exam 13: Adaptation and Species