Question 1

In the following reaction,what type of bond is holding the two atoms together? K+Cl → K⁺ + Cl− → KCl

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophilic
B)  ionic
C)  hydrophobic
D)  covalent B

Question 2

In order to have a positive charge,an atom must have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more protons than electrons
B)  more electrons than protons
C)  more neutrons than protons
D)  more protons than neutrons A

Question 3

Beryllium's atomic mass is 9,and its atomic number is 4.How many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  9
B)  13
C)  4
D)  5 D

Question 4

Isotopes of an element have the same number of ________ and different numbers of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  protons...neutrons
B)  protons...electrons
C)  neutrons...protons
D)  electrons...protons

Question 5

Please read the following scenario to answer the following questions.
While radioactive isotopes are used in medicine to identify tumors and other diseases,they can also be used to treat diseases such as cancer.One method to treat cancerous tumors is to expose them to radiation,which can kill the cancerous cells and the tumor.In 2013,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration approved a new cancer treatment based on the radioactive isotope radium-223; this isotope has a half-life of 11.4 days.The radioactive drug,known as Xofigo®,is injected into the patient's bloodstream and travels to certain regions of the body.Because it emits high-energy radiation over short distances,it can kill cancerous cells in the sites where it localizes.
After the drug was injected into a person,the following data were collected regarding the amount of radiation measured in different organs in the person's body.
 $$\begin{array} {| l | l| } 
\hline \text { Organ } & \text { Measured radiation } \
\hline \text { Brain } & 0.37 \
\hline \text { Liver } & 11.01 \
\hline \text { Bones } & 4262.60 \
\hline \text { Lungs } & 0.27 \
\hline \text { Urinary bladder } & 14.90 \
\hline
\end{array}$$
-A cancer patient receives an injection of the drug on March 1.Suppose that the patient must receive a second injection once the amount of the drug decreases to less than 6% in his or her body.On approximately what day should the cancer patient schedule an appointment to receive another injection?

Accepted Answer

A)  March 13
B)  March 23
C)  April 3
D)  April 25

Question 6

A base ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  removes H₂O molecules from a solution
B)  decreases the pH of a solution
C)  removes OH- ions from a solution
D)  removes H⁺ ions from a solution

Question 7

All atoms of an element have the same number of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  protons plus neutrons
B)  protons
C)  electrons
D)  neutrons

Question 8

Sweating cools your body by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cohesion
B)  radiation
C)  evaporative cooling
D)  hydrogen bonding

Question 9

Adjacent water molecules are joined by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent only
B)  ionic
C)  polar and covalent
D)  hydrogen

Question 10

The bond between oppositely charged ions is a(n)________ bond.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic
B)  polar
C)  hydrogen
D)  covalent

Question 11

Examine the drawing of an atom below.The art is technically INCORRECT in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrons are not located in the nucleus
B)  the electrons should be much farther away from the nucleus
C)  electrons do not orbit the nucleus
D)  electrons do not have a negative charge

Question 12

An atom's ________ are found in its nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrons and protons
B)  protons only
C)  neutrons and electrons
D)  electrons,protons,and neutrons

Question 13

How can radiation be controlled and safely used in medicine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apply radiation throughout the body at uncontrolled doses.
B)  Apply radiation throughout the body at controlled doses.
C)  Apply radiation to specific parts of the body at uncontrolled doses.
D)  Apply radiation to specific parts of the body at controlled doses.

Question 14

How many oxygen atoms are in the products of the following reaction? C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₂O + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 12 H₂O

Accepted Answer

A)  18
B)  6
C)  12
D)  24

Question 15

Examine the pH scale below.How does household bleach compare to household ammonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Household ammonia has 100 times higher H⁺ concentration than household bleach.
B)  Household bleach has 10 times higher H⁺ concentration than household ammonia.
C)  Household bleach has 100 times higher H⁺ concentration than household ammonia.
D)  Household ammonia has 10 times higher H⁺ concentration than household bleach.

Question 16

Which of the following is an acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  NaOH
B)  NaCl
C)  HCl
D)  CH₄

Question 17

An uncharged atom of gold has an atomic number of 79 and an atomic mass of 197.This atom has ________ protons,________ neutrons,and ________ electrons.

Accepted Answer

A)  79...118...79
B)  118...79...118
C)  118...276...118
D)  79...34...79

Question 18

Relative to a pH of 6,a pH of 4 has a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  200 times higher H⁺ concentration
B)  100 times higher H⁺ concentration
C)  20 times higher H⁺ concentration
D)  100 times lower H⁺ concentration

Question 19

Which of the following elements,essential to life,is a trace element?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus
B)  carbon
C)  iodine
D)  calcium

Question 20

Why did the sweat on Heather's forehead and arms form drops?

Accepted Answer

A)  because of the high salt content of sweat
B)  because of the cohesive nature of water
C)  because of the ability of water to moderate heat
D)  because of the high evaporative cooling effect of water

Exam 2: Essential Chemistry for Biology